File API

1. Introduction

This section is informative.

Web applications should have the ability to manipulate as wide as possible a range of user input, including files that a user may wish to upload to a remote server or manipulate inside a rich web application. This specification defines the basic representations for files, lists of files, errors raised by access to files, and programmatic ways to read files. Additionally, this specification also defines an interface that represents "raw data" which can be asynchronously processed on the main thread of conforming user agents. The interfaces and API defined in this specification can be used with other interfaces and APIs exposed to the web platform.

The File interface represents file data typically obtained from the underlying file system, and the Blob interface ("Binary Large Object" - a name originally introduced to web APIs in Google Gears) represents immutable raw data. File or Blob reads should happen asynchronously on the main thread, with an optional synchronous API used within threaded web applications. An asynchronous API for reading files prevents blocking and UI "freezing" on a user agent’s main thread. This specification defines an asynchronous API based on an event model to read and access a File or Blob’s data. A FileReader object provides asynchronous read methods to access that file’s data through event handler content attributes and the firing of events. The use of events and event handlers allows separate code blocks the ability to monitor the progress of the read (which is particularly useful for remote drives or mounted drives, where file access performance may vary from local drives) and error conditions that may arise during reading of a file. An example will be illustrative.

function startRead() {
  // obtain input element through DOM

  var file = document.getElementById('file').files[0];
  if(file){
    getAsText(file);
  }
}

function getAsText(readFile) {

  var reader = new FileReader();

  // Read file into memory as UTF-16
  reader.readAsText(readFile, "UTF-16");

  // Handle progress, success, and errors
  reader.onprogress = updateProgress;
  reader.onload = loaded;
  reader.onerror = errorHandler;
}

function updateProgress(evt) {
  if (evt.lengthComputable) {
    // evt.loaded and evt.total are ProgressEvent properties
    var loaded = (evt.loaded / evt.total);
    if (loaded < 1) {
      // Increase the prog bar length
      // style.width = (loaded * 200) + "px";
    }
  }
}

function loaded(evt) {
  // Obtain the read file data
  var fileString = evt.target.result;
  // Handle UTF-16 file dump
  if(utils.regexp.isChinese(fileString)) {
    //Chinese Characters + Name validation
  }
  else {
    // run other charset test
  }
  // xhr.send(fileString)
}

function errorHandler(evt) {
  if(evt.target.error.name == "NotReadableError") {
    // The file could not be read
  }
}

2. Terminology and Algorithms

When this specification says to terminate an algorithm the user agent must terminate the algorithm after finishing the step it is on. Asynchronous read methods defined in this specification may return before the algorithm in question is terminated, and can be terminated by an abort() call.

The algorithms and steps in this specification use the following mathematical operations:

• max(a,b) returns the maximum of a and b, and is always performed on integers as they are defined in WebIDL [WebIDL]; in the case of max(6,4) the result is 6. This operation is also defined in ECMAScript [ECMA-262].

• min(a,b) returns the minimum of a and b, and is always performed on integers as they are defined in WebIDL [WebIDL]; in the case of min(6,4) the result is 4. This operation is also defined in ECMAScript [ECMA-262].

• Mathematical comparisons such as < (less than), ≤ (less than or equal to), and > (greater than) are as in ECMAScript [ECMA-262].

The term Unix Epoch is used in this specification to refer to the time 00:00:00 UTC on January 1 1970 (or 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z ISO 8601); this is the same time that is conceptually "0" in ECMA-262 [ECMA-262].

3. The Blob Interface and Binary Data

A Blob object refers to a byte sequence, and has a size attribute which is the total number of bytes in the byte sequence, and a type attribute, which is an ASCII-encoded string in lower case representing the media type of the byte sequence.

Each Blob must have an internal snapshot state, which must be initially set to the state of the underlying storage, if any such underlying storage exists. Further normative definition of snapshot state can be found for Files.

[Exposed=(Window,Worker), Serializable]
interface Blob {
  constructor(optional sequence<BlobPart> blobParts,
              optional BlobPropertyBag options = {});

  readonly attribute unsigned long long size;
  readonly attribute DOMString type;

  // slice Blob into byte-ranged chunks
  Blob slice(optional [Clamp] long long start,
            optional [Clamp] long long end,
            optional DOMString contentType);

  // read from the Blob.
  [NewObject] ReadableStream stream();
  [NewObject] Promise<USVString> text();
  [NewObject] Promise<ArrayBuffer> arrayBuffer();
  [NewObject] Promise<Uint8Array> bytes();
};

enum EndingType { "transparent", "native" };

dictionary BlobPropertyBag {
  DOMString type = "";
  EndingType endings = "transparent";
};

typedef (BufferSource or Blob or USVString) BlobPart;

Blob objects are serializable objects. Their serialization steps, given value and serialized, are:

1. Set serialized.[[SnapshotState]] to value’s snapshot state.

2. Set serialized.[[ByteSequence]] to value’s underlying byte sequence.

Their deserialization step, given serialized and value, are:

1. Set value’s snapshot state to serialized.[[SnapshotState]].

2. Set